API 570 핵심 요약 6-6

 

 

해외 검사원 자격시험 자료 공유합니다

 

먼저 영어 공부를 선행하시고 시험 준비하기를 권장드립니다 본인은 일전에 드릴쉽승선해서 검사한 경험있는데 영어가들리지 않아 곤란한경험이 여러번있었습니다

일단 해외자격시험은 국내 자격보다 어렵지 않습니다 다만 영어로 시험이 진행된다는 점이 어려울뿐입니다

 

API 시험을 치고나서 느낌은?

시험코드는 반듯이 정독해보시고 시험 치세요 대분분의 문제가 해당코드에서 출제 됩니다 그리고 공부방법은 기출문제를 풀어보고 그문제가 어디에서 나오는지 알아야 한다는 것입니다 그것은 추가코드를 공부할때도 마찬가지 입니다 문제를 풀때 앞의 목차를 보면서 어디에서 나올것 같은지 한번씩 생각해 보시기를 추천 드립니다    

 

아직 공유안한 자료들 많이 있습니다 혹시 필요하신분들 댓글 달아주세요 (510,570, 653, ASNT L3, CWI 등...기타 각종 코드 필요하신분들 )

 

 

국내 최저가 화상영어 추천(한달 5만원 20회  20분)

국내 최저가 화상영어 (한달 5만원 20회 20분)

 

 

 

1. GENERAL: 

   a. ASME Sec. V is NDT procedure/methods code and is applicable only if it is referenced by the relevant construction code. The extent of NDT and acceptance standards is given in relevant construction code.

   b. NDT equipment and their calibration shall be as per ASME Sec. V.

   c. Examiner is NDT person in employment of fabricator or repair organization. Inspector means Authorized Inspector who finally accepts/rejects NDT results.

 

2. FOR RT:

   a. Satisfactory radiograph shall meet requirements of density and IQI image (2T hole for hole type and designated wire for wire type). 

   b. Backscatter: 

  Light image of B on dark background -  Unacceptable

   c. Density Limitations: 

        Min 1.8 for X Ray / 2.0 for G-Ray

        Max 4.0 for X / G Ray

        Density Variation =     -15 % to + 30% 

   d. Double wall viewing (DWDI) -  Up to 3.5” outside diameter

   e. Penetrameter Selection:  Table T-276. Thickness includes weld    reinforcement.  But not backing.

   f. Penetrameter shall be normally placed on source side. If not possible, it may be placed on film side with lead letter “F”.

3. FOR  PT:

   a. Control of Contaminants:  Sulphur (for Nickel alloys) shall not exceed 1% of residue. Chlorine + Fluorine (for S.S. and Titanium) shall not exceed 1% of residue.

   b. Temp. shall be between 10oC to 52oC, for standard procedures.

   c. Penetrants are colour (visible) type and fluorescent type. Each of these have:

•    water washable
•    post emulsifying 
•    solvent removable   

   Thus, total 6 categories of penetrant are available.

 

   d. Emulsifier is applied after applying penetrant and required dwell time is completed. Lipopholic emulsifier is applied without pre-rinsing. Hydropholic emulsifier is applied after pre-rinsing.

   e. For dwell time for penetrant and developer refer Table T-672.

   f. After applying developer, interpretation shall be done within 10 to 60 minutes.

  g. All penetrant materials should be from same manufacturer.

 

4. FOR MT:

   a. Prod Technique:

      - Use direct (rectified) current for magnetization

      - Prod spacing 3” to 8”

      - Useful for surface and sub-surface defects.

   b. Yoke Technique:

      - Use D.C. or A.C. or permanent magnet

      - Suitable for surface defects only.

   c. Calibration:

Equipment Ammeter to be calibrated once a year comparing with standard Ammeter, take 3 readings. Deviation shall not exceed ±10% of full scale.

   d. Lifting Power of Yokes

      - AC shall have lifting power of at least 4.5 kg (10 lb.)

      - DC shall have lifting power of at least 18.1 kg (40 lb.)

   e. Minimum two examinations on each area, the second is perpendicular to first

 

5. FOR VT:

   a. There shall be a written procedure for VT indicating the essential and non-essential variables.

   b. The procedure used to be re-qualified if the essential variable is changed.

   c. The acceptance of procedure is the criteria to detect a defect of width not more than 1/32” (0.8 mm) made on similar surface.

   d. The examiner shall be annually tested for Jaeger  J-1.

   e. For direct Visual testing, the eye of examiner shall be at an angle of min.30 deg. to the surface, and within 24 inches from surface

 

6. FOR LEAK TESTING (BUBBLE TEST):

   a. The testing medium maybe air or any other inert gas.

   b. The test temperature shall be between 4ºC to 52º C.

   c. The pressure gauge range shall be twice the test pressure preferably, however, the gauge range shall not be lower than 1.5 times and higher than 4 times the test pressure. Pressure gauges shall be calibrated at least annually 

   d. Prior to inspection, the test pressure shall be held min. 15 minutes.

   e. The presence and growth of bubble at leak location would constitute a defect.

   f. After repair the leak test shall be repeated.

 

7. SE-797 UT MEASUREMENT:

   a. Pulse-echo method can be adopted  up to 200°F

   b. Apparatus:   3 types

      - CRT read out 

      - CRT + direct read out 

      - Direct thickness read out

   c. Search Units: 3 types 

      - Straight beam contact type

      - Delay line type (delay block to minimize dead zone)

      - Dual element type. There are two crystals set at a small range. Low roof angle used for higher

    range and higher angle for low range.

   d. High thickness measurement:

      Use of multiple echoes is made. (i.e., for thickness between 50 mm and 60mm, use    10mm calibration block          then 5th back echo will be 50 mm and 6th will be 60mm. Set the 5th echo to zero and 6th at the screen range.        The screen is calibrated to 50-60mm.

   e. While taking measurement for high temperature condition a positive error of 1% per 55°C (100°F) results. Hence temperature correction is necessary.

   f. CRT read out is recommended on corroded and rough surface.

API RP 578

8. API RP 578 can be used for new and existing piping system. Carbon steel components are not covered in RP 578.

 

9. One inspection lot means items taken from one heat only.

 

10. Mill test report is not substitute to PMI test.

 

11. PMI testing of at least one electrode should be carried out from each lot or package.

 

12. PMI Test Methods:

   a. X-ray Fluorescent: It cannot detect elements lighter than sulpher. Carbon cannot be detected. The equipment uses gamma rays to analyze material.

   b. Optical Emission Spectrometer: Uses electric arc to analyze light spectrum. May be used to detect carbon.

   c. Chemical analysis by removing small sample.

 

13. When PMI testing is conducted on new or existing piping, records of results shall be kept as long as the piping exists in original location.